Water

• Water is the most important resource in our world.
• Water is an inorganic compound.
• There are 97% of ocean water, 2%of iced water and ONLY 1% of drinking water.
• The chemical formula of Water is H2O.
• Water is an odourless  and  nearly colourless chemical substance.
• Water is also considered as tasteless , although it’s not true. All of you when you taste water apart from your house it tastes different.
• About two-thirds of earth’s surface is covered with water or 70% of earth’s surface is water.
• Water regulates the Earth’s temperature.

What do you mean by Saline water?

• Saline water is the water containing dissolved salts mainly Sodium Chloride.
• Saline water is not fit for drinking.
• Ocean contains most of the saline water.
• Saline water is used in gargling as it prevents inflammation. It also helps in killing weeds.

What do you mean by Ground Water?

• Water beneath the surface trapped in sediments and rocks is called groundwater.
• Drinking water is mostly groundwater.

Where do we get Water from?

• Fresh water makes up only 2.5% of the world’s water.
• Most lakes, rivers, marshes and swamps contain freshwater.
• Glaciers also contain a lot of fresh water.

Similarities between Fresh water and Saline water?

• Both forms of water is found in all the three states – solid, liquid and gas.
• Both fresh water and saline water have dissolved materials.
• Body of saline water and fresh water are habitats of many different organisms.

What is Transpiration?

• Transpiration is the loss of water from the Plants in the form of Water Vapor.
• Water is absorbed by roots from the soil.
• Then it is transported as a liquid to the leaves.
• In the leaves, small pores called stomata allow water to escape as a vapor.

What is Evaporation?

• Evaporation is a process in which liquid state changes into a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature or an increase in Pressure.

What is Condensation and how is rain formed?

• Condensation is a process in which gaseous forms turns in liquid form.
• This happens when the air gets cooler.
• Water droplets clump together to form a cloud.
• It so happens that many droplets of water come together to form larger sized drops of water.

What is Precipitation?

• Precipitation is water that falls in any form like rain, snow from the sky to the earth.

Water Cycle:

• The water cycle consist of 3 main processes – Evaporation , condensation and Precipitation.

The steps of water cycle are:

• The water cycle begins with evaporation where the water on the earth surface turns into vapor
• As water turns into vapor it rises up in the atmosphere and due to high altitudes the water changes into water droplets because of low temperature.
• The small water droplets come together and form clouds.
• Now when the air cannot hold any more water , it precipitates that means the water droplets fall down as rain.
• After raining, some of the water is absorbed by the soil.
• The roots of the plant absorb the water and it is received by the leaves where it is used for photosynthesis.
• The extra water is moved out of the leaves through small pores(stomata) as water vapor.

Water Conservation:

• It is the method by which we can use water efficiently.
• It helps us to reduce the waste of water.
• we can stop taking bath from showers , as it consumes a lot of water.
• If you are washing dishes then close the tap while using the soap.
• While drinking water , take as much water you need to drink . Don’t take excess water that you will not be able to drink and you have to throw it. If taken excess water you can water plants instead of throwing it.
• While brushing your teeth , don’t let the tap running.

Rainwater Harvesting:

• Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rain for later use rather than  allowing it to get  wasted.
• The frequency, quantity and the quality of the rainfall play a vital role in the amount of water harvested.

The benefits of Rainwater Harvesting are:

• It costs less.
• Promotes both water and energy conservation
• It is easy to operate.
• It reduces soil erosion, flooding, and pollution of surface water with fertilizers, pesticides etc..
• It is an excellent source of water for irrigation with no chemicals and free from minerals.

There are also several disadvantages:-

• Regular maintenance is required.
• Limited or no rainfall can affect the supply of Rainwater.
• Storage limits.

Fun Facts about Water:

• 70% of the human brain consist of water.
• Two glasses of water are required to produce each page of a book.
• 80% of all illness in the developing world is water related.
• A person can live about a month without food, but only about a week without water.
• Water expands by 9% when it freezes.
• Too much drinking water is fatal . ( Anything too less or too much can affect your health so an appropriate amount is needed).